Opløsningsmidlers Egenskaber

Nedenstående tabel, er en oversigt over de mest almindelige opløsningsmidler og deres egenskaber.

Opløsningsmiddel	Formel	M_W (g/mol)	Kogepunkt (°C)	Smeltepunkt (°C)	Massefylde	Opløselighed i vand (g/100 mL)	Dielektrisk konstant	Dipolmoment (debye)	Flammepunkt (°C)
Eddikesyre	C₂H₄O₂	60.05	118	16.7	1.049	Blandbar	6.15	1.74	39
Eddikesyreanhydrid	C₄H₆O₃	102.09	149.6	-73.1	1.082	Reagerer	21	2.8	49
acetone	C₃H₆O	58.08	56.3	-94.3	0.788	Blandbar	20.7	2.69	-18
Acetonitril	C₂H₃N	41.05	81.6	-46	0.786	Blandbar	37.5	3.92	6
Ammoniak	NH₃	17.03	-33.38	-77.7	0.725	Blandbar	26.7	1.47	brændbar gas
Anilin	C₆H₇N	93.13	184.4	-6.3	1.022	3.6	6.89	1.76
Benzen	C₆H₆	78.11	80.1	5.5	0.879	0.18	2.28	0	-11
benzylalkohol	C₇H₈O	108.14	205.2	-15.3	1.042	4	13.1	1.71	94
Brom	Br₂	159.81	59.5	-7.25	3.12	3.5	3.1	0	ikke brændbar
bromform	CHBr₃	252.73	149.6	8.3	2.89	0.3	4.39	0.99	ikke brændbar
1-butanol	C₄H₁₀O	74.12	117.6	-89.5	0.81	6.3	17.8	1.66	35
2-butanol	C₄H₁₀O	74.12	98	-115	0.808	15	15.8	1.8	26
2-butanon	C₄H₈O	72.11	79.6	-86.3	0.805	25.6	18.5	2.78	-7
iso-butylalkohol	C₄H₁₀O	74.12	107.7	-108	0.798	10	17.9	1.79	28
tert-butylalkohol	C₄H₁₀O	74.12	82.2	25.5	0.786	Blandbar	12.5	1.66	11
Carbondisulfid	CS₂	76.14	46.26	-111.5	1.257	0.29	2.6	0	-30
Carbontetrachlorid	CCl₄	153.82	76.7	-22.4	1.594	0.08	2.24	0	ikke brændbar
Chlorobenzen	C₆H₅Cl	112.56	131.7	-45.6	1.1066	0.05	2.71	1.69	29
Chloroform	CHCl₃	119.38	61.7	-63.7	1.498	0.795	4.81	1.04	ikke brændbar
Cyclohexan	C₆H₁₂	84.16	80.7	6.6	0.779	<0.1	2.02	0	-20
Cyclohexanon	C₆H₁₀O	98.15	155.7	-37.9	0.942	2.4	15	2.9	44
o-dichlorobenzen	C₆H₄Cl₂	147.01	180.5	-17	1.31	0	9.8	2.27	66
1,2-dichloroethan	C₂H₄Cl₂	98.96	83.5	-35.3	1.245	0.861	10.42	2.06	13
Dichloromethan	CH₂Cl₂	84.93	39.8	-96.7	1.326	1.32	9.08	1.60	1.6
diethylether	C₄H₁₀O	74.12	34.6	-116.3	0.713	7.5	4.34	1.15	-45
diethylenglycol	C₄H₁₀O₃	106.12	245	-10	1.118	10	31.7	2.31	143
Diethylglycoldimethylether	C₆H₁₄O₃	134.17	162	-68	0.943	Blandbar	7.23	1.97	67
di-isopropylether	C₆H₁₄O	102.18	68.3	-85.4	0.724	0.2	3.8	1.3	-28
di-isopropylethylamin	C₈H₁₉N	129.95	127	-50	0.742	Blandbar			10.5
Dimethoxyethan	C₄H₁₀O₂	90.12	85	-58	0.868	Blandbar	7.2	1.71	-6
Dimethylether	C₂H₆O	46.07	-22	-138.5	N/A	N/A	N/A	1.30	-41
Dimethylformamid	C₃H₇NO	73.09	153	-61	0.944	Blandbar	36.7	3.86	58
dimethylsulfat	C₂H₆SO₄	126.13	188	-31.8	1.332	Reagerer			83.3
Dimethylsulfoxid	C₂H₆OS	78.13	189	18.4	1.092	Blandbar	47	3.96	95
Dioxan	C₄H₈O₂	88.11	101.1	11.8	1.033	Blandbar	2.21	2.06	12
ethanol	C₂H₆O	46.07	78.5	-114.1	0.789	Blandbar	24.6	1.66	13
Ethylacetat	C₄H₈O₂	88.11	77	-83.6	0.895	8.7	6	1.78	-4
Ethylenglycol	C₂H₆O₂	62.07	195	-13	1.115	Blandbar	37.7	2.36	111
Formamid	CH₃NO	45.04	210.5	2.55	1.134	Blandbar	111	3.37	154
Myresyre	CH₂O₂	46.03	100.7	8.3	1.213	Blandbar	58.5	1.4	1.8
Glycerol	C₃H₈O₃	92.09	290	17.8	1.261	Blandbar	42.5	2.56	160
Heptan	C₇H₁₆	100.2	98.4	-90.7	0.684	0.01	1.92	0	-4
Hexamethylphosphoramid	C₆H₁₈N₃OP	179.2	232.5	7.2	1.03	Blandbar	31.3	5.54	105
Tris(dimethylamino)phosphin	C₆H₁₈N₃P	163.2	150	-44	0.898	Blandbar			26
Hexan	C₆H₁₄	86.18	69	-95	0.659	0.014	1.89	0.085	-22
Hydrazin	N₂H₄	32.05	113.5	1.6	1.004	Blandbar	51.7	1.9	52
Hydrogenperoxid	H₂O₂	34.01	150.2	-0.4	1.443	Blandbar	89	2.01	ikke brændbar
iodomethan	CH₃I	141.94	42.5	-66.5	2.28	1.4		1.6	-28
Methanol	CH₄O	32.04	64.6	-98	0.791	Blandbar	32.6	2.87	12
Methyl-tert-butylether	C₅H₁₂O	88.15	55.2	-109	0.741	4.8	2.6	1.32	-28
Methylformamid	C₂H₅NO	59.07	182	-4	0.999	Blandbar	182.4	3.8	111
N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidon	C₅H₉NO	99.13	202	-24	1.033	10	32	4.1	91
Nitrobenzen	C₆H₅NO₂	123.11	210.8	5.8	1.199	0.19	34.8	4.3	87
Nitromethan	CH₃NO₂	61.04	101.2	-29	1.382	9.5	35.9	3.56	35
Oxalylchlorid	C₂O₂Cl₂	126.93	63	-12	1.48	Reagerer			>100
Pentan	C₅H₁₂	72.15	36.1	-129.7	0.626	0.04	1.84	0	-49
petroleumether	—	—	30-60	-40	0.656	—	—		-30
1-propanol	C₃H₈O	88.15	97	-126	0.803	Blandbar	20.1	1.55	15
2-propanol	C₃H₈O	88.15	82.4	-88.5	0.785	Blandbar	18.3	1.58	12
Pyridin	C₅H₅N	79.1	115.2	-41.6	0.982	Blandbar	12.3	2.37	17
Tetrahydrofuran	C₄H₈O	72.11	66	-108.4	0.886	30	7.6	1.75	-21
Thionylchlorid	SOCl₂	118.97	78.8	-105	1.64	Reagerer		1.4	ikke brændbar
Toluen	C₇H₈	92.14	110.6	-93	0.867	0.05	2.38	0.375	4
Triethylamin	C₆H₁₅N	101.19	88.9	-114.7	0.728	0.02	2.4	0.66	-11
Trifluoreddikesyre	C₂HO₂F₃	114.02	72.4	-15.4	1.48	Blandbar	42.1		-3
trimethylsilylchlorid	C₃H₉SiCl	108.64	57	-58	0.856	Reagerer			-18
Vand	H₂O	18.02	100	0	0.998	Blandbar	78.54	1.84	ikke brændbar
Vand, tungt	D₂O	20.03	101.3	4	1.107	Blandbar	??		ikke brændbar
o-xylen	C₈H₁₀	106.17	144	-25.2	0.897	Uopløselig	2.57	0.64	32
m-xylen	C₈H₁₀	106.17	139.1	-47.8	0.868	Uopløselig	2.37		27
p-xylen	C₈H₁₀	106.17	138.4	13.3	0.861	Uopløselig	2.27		27